高中化学方程式整理(33条氮族元素方程式大全)
1、工业固氮:
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N2+3H2==(可逆,催化剂,高温高压)2NH3
2、大气固氮:
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N2+O2==(放电)2NO
3、镁在氮气中燃烧:
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3Mg+N2==(点燃)Mg3N2
4、氮化镁的水解:
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Mg3N2+6H2O==3Mg(OH)2↓+2NH3↑
5、氨气溶于水呈碱性:
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NH3+H2O==(可逆)NH3•H2O==(可逆)NH4+ + OH-
6、氨水和氯化铝:
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3NH3•H2O+AlCl3==Al(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl
7、氯化铵和氢氧化钠溶液共热:
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NH4Cl+NaOH==(加热)NH3↑+H2O+NaCl
8、实验室制氨气:
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2NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2==(加热)CaCl2+2NH3↑+2H2O
9、氨气和氯化氢:
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NH3+HCl==NH4Cl 白烟
10、氨的催化氧化:
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4NH3+5O2==(催化剂,加热)4NO+6H2O
11、氨气和氯气:
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2NH3+3Cl2==N2+6HCl
12、过量氨气和氯气:
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8NH3+3Cl2==N2+6NH4Cl
13、氨气在纯氧中燃烧:
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4NH3+3O2==(点燃)2N2+6H2O 注意是纯氧,空气不行
14、一氧化氮和氧气:
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2NO+O2==2NO2
15、二氧化氮溶于水:
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3NO2+H2O==2HNO3+NO
16、二氧化氮双聚:
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2NO2==(可逆)N2O4
17、二氧化氮和氧气一起溶于水:
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4NO2+O2+2H2O==4HNO3
18、浓硝酸和铜:
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Cu+4HNO3(浓)==Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O
19、稀硝酸和铜:
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3Cu+8HNO3==3Cu(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O
20、稀硝酸和铜离子方程式:
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3Cu+8H++2NO3-==3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2O
21、碳和浓硝酸共热:
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C+4HNO3(浓)==(加热)CO2↑+4NO2↑+2H2O
22、二氧化硫溶于稀硝酸:
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3SO2+2H2O+2HNO3==3H2SO4+2NO
23、碘化钾和稀硝酸:
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6KI+8HNO3==6KNO3+2NO↑+3I2+4H2O
24、硝酸亚铁和稀硝酸:
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3Fe(NO3)2+4HNO3==3Fe(NO3)3+NO↑+2H2O
25、硫化氢和稀硝酸:
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3H2S+2HNO3==3S↓+2NO+4H2O
26、硝酸的不稳定:
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4HNO3==(加热或者光照)4NO2↑+O2↑+2H2O
27、工业制硝酸分别是上面的反应_______、________和_________。
传统的答案是:10+14+15/17
目前高三拓展课本:10(氧化炉)
4NO+3O2+2H2O==4HNO3(收集器)
个人觉得,选择题中,两种方法都算对。大型题目中,看背景,见招拆招。
28、实验室制硝酸:
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NaNO3+H2SO4(浓)==(微热)NaHSO4+HNO3↑
29、硝酸钠受热分解:
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2NaNO3==(加热)2NaNO2+O2↑
30、硝酸铜受热分解:
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2Cu(NO3)2==(加热)2CuO+4NO2↑+O2↑
31、硝酸银受热分解:
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2AgNO3==(加热)2Ag+2NO2↑+O2↑
32、二氧化氮溶于氢氧化钠溶液:
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2NO2+2NaOH==NaNO3+NaNO2+H2O
33、二氧化氮和一氧化氮共溶于氢氧化钠溶液:
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NO2+NO+2NaOH==2NaNO2+H2O
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